Generating employment

Generating employment opportunities, often through the mechanism of minimum wage publics works programmes.

The adverse effects of structural adjustment on employment and living standards have resulted in new initiatives by multilateral lending and bilateral donor agencies to provide resources to mitigate the cost of adjustment and transition, through measures such as "social" or "employment" funds. The ILO has been involved in the design and implementation of such funds. Criteria are being developed for channelling resources towards activities which combine employment creation and poverty alleviation with effective macro-economic policy management and employment planning.

A study for the European Commission (DGV) found that the non-commercial baking sector (non-profit socially and environmentally-oriented financial organizations) created jobs with very little capital investment and with far less money than other banks and public support measures. Examples are that a job is created at the rate of ECU 2,900 on average when loaned to micro-enterprises; at the rate of ECU 4,100 on average when loaned to social enterprises, and at a rate of ECU 25,000 when loaned or invested in enterprises in new economic sectors such as the environment. The mainstream banking sector would almost certainly not have financed such organizations and projects, so these jobs would not have been created otherwise.

1. Creating jobs involves more people's wisdom and creativity in building society and meeting social needs.

2. With demographic growth, which is particularly pronounced in the young nations, the number of those failing to find work and driven to misery or parasitism will grow in the coming years unless the conscience of man rouses itself and gives rise to a general movement of solidarity through an effective policy of investment and of organization of production and trade, as well as of education. We know the attention given to these problems within international organizations, and it is our lively wish that their members will not delay bringing their actions into line with their declarations. (Papal Writings, 14 May 1971).

1. Job creating schemes do not increase society's productivity and thus are a waste of money.

2. Is McDonald's a great job opportunity or are they taking advantage of high unemployment to exploit the most vulnerable people in society, working them very hard for very little money?

1. Reducing unemployment
2. Providing work structure
3. Providing employment
4. Elaborating national employment policies
5. Creating new systems
6. Creating

1. Using interim employment
2. Strengthening volunteer service force
3. Providing sufficient local jobs
4. Providing increased local employment
5. Providing employment by energy restructuring
6. Linking corporate strategies to employment effects
7. Initiating new work
8. Increasing salaried local jobs
9. Increasing non-farm employment for small farmers
10. Increasing employment in the insurance sector
11. Increasing employment in retail sector
12. Increasing employment in financial sector
13. Increasing employment in banking
14. Increasing employment in accounting sector
15. Financing socially useful work
16. Expanding productive employment
17. Ensuring full employment
18. Ensuring continual employment
19. Enhancing available work positions
20. Employing the disabled
21. Declaring employment
22. Creating youth employment
23. Creating year round work
24. Creating productive employment relating to the environment
25. Creating paid work through computer-based technologies
26. Creating non agricultural jobs
27. Creating new job possibilities
28. Creating meaningful work
29. Creating jobs through automation
30. Creating employment in the urban informal sector
31. Creating effective work forces
32. Creating comprehensive work project

1. Supporting participation of women in work force
2. Safeguarding adequate livelihood
3. Publicizing positions of employment
4. Liberalizing trade
5. Instituting effective domestic security
6. Increasing labour force
7. Furnishing production forces
8. Designing employee engagement
9. Assuring available work

1. Working from home
2. Training for jobs
3. Stabilizing employment
4. Promoting employment
5. Expanding service sector
6. Expanding part-time employment positions
7. Developing new occupational areas
8. Developing new approaches to work
9. Coordinating production systems

1. Universalizing employment availability
2. Reducing disguised unemployment

1. Restricted scope of local employment

1. Work
2. Unemployment
3. Underemployment
4. Support
5. Overwork
6. Increase [D]