Zionism


  • Zionist conspiracy

Zionism
Zionism (wikipedia.org)

Description

Zionism (צִיּוֹנוּת, ; derived from Zion) is a nationalist movement that emerged in Europe in the late 19th century aiming for the establishment of a homeland for the Jewish people, particularly in Palestine, a region roughly corresponding to the Land of Israel in Jewish tradition. Following the establishment of the State of Israel, Zionism became an ideology that supports the development and protection of Israel as a Jewish state. It has also been described as Israel's national or state ideology. Zionism initially emerged in Central and Eastern Europe as a national revival movement in the late 19th century, in reaction to newer waves of antisemitism and as a consequence of the Haskalah, or Jewish Enlightenment. Throughout the first decade of the Zionist movement, some Zionist figures, including Theodor Herzl, supported a Jewish state in several places such as "Uganda" (actually parts of British East Africa today in Kenya), Argentina, Cyprus, Mesopotamia, Mozambique, and the Sinai Peninsula. But then most leaders of the movement associated the main goal with creating the desired homeland in Palestine, then part of the Ottoman Empire. This process was seen by the emerging Zionist movement as an "ingathering of exiles" (kibbutz galuyot), an effort to put a stop to the exoduses and persecutions that have marked Jewish history by bringing the Jewish people back to their historic homeland. From 1897 to 1948, the primary goal of the Zionist movement was to establish the basis for a Jewish homeland in Palestine, and thereafter to consolidate it. In a unique variation of the principle of self-determination, the Lovers of Zion united in 1884 and in 1897 the first Zionist congress was organized. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a large number of Jews immigrated to first Ottoman and later Mandatory Palestine, and at the same time, some international recognition and support was gained, notably in the 1917 Balfour Declaration by the United Kingdom. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Zionism has continued primarily to advocate on behalf of Israel and to address threats to its continued existence and security. Zionism has never been a uniform movement. Its leaders, parties, and ideologies frequently diverged from one another. Compromises and concessions were made in order to achieve a shared cultural and political objective as a result of the growing antisemitism and yearning to return to the historical homeland. A variety of types of Zionism have emerged, including political, liberal, labor, Revisionist, cultural and religious Zionism. Advocates of Zionism view it as a national liberation movement for the repatriation of an indigenous people (which were subject to persecution and share a national identity through national consciousness), to the homeland of their ancestors as noted in ancient history. Similarly, anti-Zionism has many aspects, which include criticism of Zionism as a colonialist, racist, or exceptionalist ideology or through settler colonialist movement. Proponents of Zionism do not necessarily reject the characterization of Zionism as settler-colonial or exceptionalist.
Source: Wikipedia

Background

Zionism originated in eastern and central Europe in the latter part of the 19th century and was in many ways the continuation of the ancient and deep felt nationalist attachment of the Jews and of the Jewish religion to Palestine, where the hills of ancient Jerusalem were called Zion. The Jewish state of Israel was proclaimed on May 14, 1948 and immediately recognized by the USA. The first official foreign support for a Jewish state came from the British Foreign Secretary, Arthur James Balfour, in a international declaration which called for the establishment of a Jewish "national home" in Palestine and under which Jewish immigration was encouraged.

Incidence

Sympathy for Zionism may exist among Jewish communities worldwide, but the embodiment of the idea lies solely within the Jewish state. Armed conflict between the Arab countries and Israel has existed since 1967, with support from the USA to Israel and from the USSR to the Arab countries. American citizens may take Israeli citizenship and fight in the Israeli army without giving up their American nationality – a provision which applies to no other country.

Claim

  1. Zionism has proved to be a kind of fascism and emerges as one of the more reactionary trends in modern racialism. The 1914 initiative to establish the state of Israel has been ruthlessly and single-mindedly executed by diplomatic and military means at the expense of the humanitarian considerations of others.

Counter claim

  1. Zionism is a legitimate attempt to unify the Jewish people following centuries of discrimination and physical violence against them. Much of the territory of the present state of Israel is of deep significance to the Jews as their ancient homeland, with all the spiritual associations that this implies. In the absence of such territory the spiritual and cultural values of the Jewish people, together with their rights as a people, are placed in continuing jeopardy.

  2. The United Nations General Assembly passed in 1975 a resolution declaring that "Zionism is a form of racism". These hateful words have made it very hard in Israel to believe in the impartiality of the UN, it intensified the element of fear and the feeling that Jewish history rules out trust in any other people. As consequence, the cause of justice and peace in Middle East is harmed until the resolution is rescinded.


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