Elitism in communist systems

Nature

Despite the aim of communism to create a classless society elitism still exists in most communist states. The elite is usually composed of high-up party members, and 'heroes' of sport, industry, science and the arts; that is, those who are the best in their field and particularly those who have acquired international renown. The latter serve as propaganda abroad, the former provide propaganda for domestic consumption. Party members may rise in the hierarchy by denouncing their colleagues, but they themselves may be denounced and removed at a later date. 'Heroes' may also join the elite through conformism, particularly those in the arts and sciences, where innovative theories may be rejected by the party. The elite have greater wealth than the majority, and other benefits which include the possibility of more freedom and flexibility regarding restrictive laws. Although the idea of the worker is exalted in communist society, there are differences in pay for different occupations, and some countries even provide industrial incentives to management. Industrial 'heroes' may be the spokesmen or leading managers of a successful enterprise, and they may benefit more from the acclaim than the workers who should have equal share in it, but who are not credited individually.

Background

Elitism in communist systems emerged as a recognized issue during the mid-20th century, when observers noted the rise of privileged party cadres despite official egalitarian ideals. The phenomenon gained global attention following revelations from Soviet and Eastern Bloc dissidents, who exposed entrenched hierarchies and privileges. Subsequent academic studies and testimonies, particularly after the collapse of the USSR, deepened understanding of how bureaucratic elites consolidated power, challenging the narrative of classless societies within communist regimes.

Incidence

Elitism in communist systems has manifested across multiple countries and eras, often resulting in a privileged political class that enjoys access to resources, decision-making power, and social benefits unavailable to the general populace. This phenomenon has persisted despite official commitments to equality, with party officials and their families frequently occupying elite positions in government, industry, and society, leading to widespread public disillusionment and social stratification.
In 2022, reports from Cuba highlighted the continued existence of a privileged elite within the Communist Party, with high-ranking officials receiving preferential access to food, medicine, and luxury goods amid nationwide shortages, exacerbating public frustration and protests.

Claim

Elitism in communist systems is a deeply troubling and pervasive problem. Despite promises of equality, these regimes often concentrate power among a privileged few, betraying their foundational ideals. This hypocrisy not only undermines social trust but also perpetuates injustice and stifles genuine progress. Ignoring elitism in communist systems allows corruption and oppression to flourish unchecked, making it an urgent issue that demands serious attention and honest confrontation.

Counter-claim

Elitism in communist systems is vastly overstated and not an important problem at all. The core principles of communism inherently oppose entrenched privilege, and any minor instances of elitism are exceptions, not the rule. Focusing on this issue distracts from the real achievements of these systems in promoting equality and social welfare. Compared to the rampant inequality in capitalist societies, so-called "elitism" in communism is negligible and unworthy of serious concern.