Declining private investment

In 1998, the president of the World Bank conceded the danger of a huge liquidity shortage arising in the world's emerging markets. Private capital had fallen to some US$140 billion (S$230.7 billion) a year with further falls in sight.

1. Declining investment

1. Decline in foreign direct investment

1. Speculative flight of capital
2. Inadequate level of national investment

1. Rising taxes
2. Private international trade and investment disputes
3. Accumulation of capital

1. Abusive deregulation

1. Unavailability
2. Disinterest
3. Decline