Developing underground space

Constructing below the ground
Using subsurface construction space

Description

Developing underground space involves the systematic planning, design, and construction of facilities and infrastructure below the earth’s surface to optimize land use, reduce urban congestion, and protect sensitive environments. This strategy addresses issues such as limited surface space, noise, and pollution by relocating transport, utilities, storage, and public amenities underground. It enables sustainable urban growth, enhances disaster resilience, and preserves surface landscapes, providing practical solutions to spatial and environmental constraints in densely populated areas.