Solving situations of conflict by applying a branch of mathematics called "Game Theory". A rational set of rules is determined about the behaviour of each player in the game. The "scenario" is played out to determine which set of strategies maximize benefits to one player at the loss to other players (zero sum games). In a negative sum game a set of strategies are attempted to minimize loss to a player even though both sides lose. In plus sum games, strategies are developed to maximize benefit to all players.
Games allow the application of strategies and tactics to predict potential strategies to given situations without the dangers of a real situation.
Simple games cannot reflect the complexity of real situations and are unable to predict strategies much beyond the first few moves.
There is a danger of thinking that the real situation is a game.
Games require agreement on rules by all parties and this is not necessarily true in real social situations.