Unrelated buildings in urban environments

Roman churches are examples of buildings that were always connected to the buildings around them. A survey among 255 such churches showed that 41 had one side attached to other buildings, 96 had two sides so attached, 110 had three sides so attached and 2 had four sides obstructed by other buildings. Only six churches were free standing.

1. Isolated buildings in an urban environment are a symbol of the isolated lives of many modern people. Such buildings are in contrast to the the cheek-by-jowl housing of former times, where the sheer fact of their adjacency forced people to confront their neighbours and solve the myriad little problems that occurred between them.

1. Inadequate town planning
2. Environmental degradation of inner city areas

1. Topocide
2. Monolithic architecture of high-rise buildings
3. Avoidance of shaded open space in urban environments

1. Unfocused design of community space
2. Single-use urban areas
3. Insensitive urban renewal

1. Haphazard building design in rural villages

1. Planning cities
2. Improving planning of relationship between buildings in urban environments
3. Coping with inadequate planning of relationship between buildings in urban environments

1. Unrelated
2. Inadequacy