Religious terrorism

Nature

Religious terrorism is based on a fundamentalistic and sometimes literalistic belief in sacred texts and their interpretation by religious leaders. The goal of such terrorism is not freedom or democracy but conversion of the unbelievers and if that is not possible, their death. Religious terrorists are not concerned with their own death because that is release from this world.

Background

Religious terrorism emerged as a distinct global concern in the late 20th century, notably after high-profile incidents such as the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the 1995 Tokyo subway sarin attack. Its significance intensified with the 2001 September 11 attacks, prompting international recognition of its transnational reach and ideological motivations. Subsequent research and policy responses have increasingly focused on the complex interplay between religious identity, radicalization, and violence across diverse cultural and geopolitical contexts.

Incidence

Religious terrorism has manifested across multiple continents, affecting both developed and developing nations. Incidents have ranged from large-scale coordinated attacks to targeted assassinations and bombings, often resulting in significant casualties and widespread fear. The global reach of such acts, perpetrated by groups or individuals motivated by religious ideologies, has led to heightened security measures and ongoing international concern.
In April 2019, a series of coordinated suicide bombings targeted churches and hotels in Sri Lanka on Easter Sunday, killing over 250 people and injuring hundreds more. The attacks were attributed to Islamist extremists linked to the local group National Thowheeth Jama'ath.

Claim

Religious terrorism is a grave and urgent global crisis that threatens peace, security, and human rights everywhere. It exploits faith to justify violence, sowing fear and division among communities. Ignoring this problem allows hatred and extremism to flourish, undermining social cohesion and endangering innocent lives. We must confront religious terrorism with unwavering resolve, promoting tolerance and understanding to protect our societies and uphold the fundamental values of humanity. This issue demands immediate and sustained action.

Counter-claim

Religious terrorism is vastly exaggerated as a global threat. The overwhelming majority of religious people live peacefully, and incidents of religious terrorism are statistically rare compared to other forms of violence. Media sensationalism distorts reality, fueling unnecessary fear and prejudice. Focusing on religious terrorism distracts from more pressing issues like poverty, climate change, and systemic inequality. In truth, religious terrorism is not an important problem and does not warrant the disproportionate attention it receives.