Occupied nations

Captive nations

Nature

Occupied nations are those which have been incorporated into larger groupings without any opportunity being given to the people of the areas in question to indicate whether or not they desire any form of independence or self-determination.

Background

The issue of occupied nations gained global prominence in the early 20th century, particularly following the world wars, as international attention focused on the plight of territories under foreign control. The establishment of the United Nations and the adoption of decolonization principles further highlighted the problem, with numerous cases—such as Palestine, Western Sahara, and Tibet—prompting ongoing debate and international resolutions. Over time, the persistence of occupation has underscored its complexity and enduring significance in world affairs.

Incidence

The most frequently cited example is Palestine under Israel, and the nations and nationality groups incorporated within the former Soviet Union and eastern European states—the most recent of which is the attempt on Afghanistan. Historical examples are groups such as the Celts and the Basques which in the distant past were incorporated into several nations; and, more recently, the American Indian nations which were overwhelmed by the settlers in both North and South America.

Other nations that have a history of captivity include: Poland, Hungary, Lithuania, Ukraine, Czechoslovakia, Latvia, Estonia, White Ruthenia, Rumania, East Germany, Bulgaria, mainland China, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, North Korea, Albania, Idel-Ural, Tibet, Cossackia, Turkestan, North Viet-Nam, and others.