Lack of grassroots involvement in economic planning

Local people do not actively participate in planning the economy. Capitalism encourages this by limiting forms of participation to consumption, thereby encouraging materialism. Socialism disenfranchises local people, encouraging cynicism.

1. There is a contradiction within deliberative systems in that, because of the unwillingness of the central governments to set up the structures necessary to allow local people a significant voice and to participate in the decision-making process, such government tyrannises rather than serves.

1. Unprofitable local politics
2. Lack of planning
3. Lack of participation by local communities in democratic processes
4. Inherent patriarchal distortion of planning
5. Fragmented planning of community life
6. Disengagement of citizens from community activities

1. Social hardships of economic reform
2. Contradictory solutions to national economic goals

1. Victimization of grassroots knowledge
2. Technological monoculture
3. Reluctant claims on external resources
4. Intellectual methods excluding popular participation in technological development
5. Inflexible central government
6. Inadequate grass-roots initiative
7. Dominance of economic motives

1. Uneconomic
2. Lack
3. Involvement