There are increasing retreats from following up on scientific and technological breakthroughs. Cost factors have discouraged further space exploration, notably of the moon. Bovine growth hormones have been banned in certain locations because they would boost milk yields and hence increase the cost of subsidies. Few can benefit from the latest surgical techniques. Technical factors may impede certain investigations. Ethical factors may hinder others as in the case of the use of vivisection and use of foetal tissue in medical research. Environmental factors have impeded the development of technological "fixes" to existing problems on the basis that such solutions may engender problems worse than those they are designed to solve.