Fear of retaliation by authorities

People may be reluctant to protest about injustice because they fear they will be registered as 'trouble makers' and subjected to harassment. This is particularly in cases involving police excesses or well-connected institutions.

1. Threats to independence of professionals
2. Restrictive effects of external capital on development
3. Oppression
4. Fear of reprisals
5. Fear of officialdom

1. Official cover-up of government harassment of political activists

1. Undermined citizen confidence
2. Presenteeism
3. Fear of police
4. Fear blocking participation
5. Exile
6. Disincentives to complaining
7. Continuing expectation of community decline

1. Unjustified punitive measures by government authorities
2. Retaliation
3. Official harassment

1. Inciting riot
2. Grievances of citizens

1. Harassment of public officials

1. Threatening official reprisals
2. Threatening citizenry
3. Retaliating by authorities
4. Reducing threat of official reprisals
5. Organizing transfer of methods

1. Threat
2. Retaliation
3. Harassment
4. Fear

1. Reprisals On Human Rights Defenders: Need For NGO Action
2. Human Rights Watch
3. The Right to Petition Government
4. Anmesty International: The Chinese Government Must End Reprisals Against Activists Demanding Participation in UPR
5. Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington
6. THE WHISTLEBLOWER Protection Programs
7. Chinese Human Rights Defenders
8. FREEDOM FORUM INSTITUTE
9. UN urged to act on Egypt's reprisals against citizens who met rapporteur