Excessive size of metropolitan regions

Nature

As metropolitan regions grow ever larger it is hard for their governing bodies to be responsive to the needs of all of the people. Nation-states with a megapolitan capital city tend to override neighbourhoods and neighbourhood culture. This pattern is repeated in other metropolises. Thus the different languages, customs and cultures that exist at present may disappear in their areas over time. Efficiency is the only value that emerges in these vast conglomerations; and mechanization and routine demand the subordination of the individual to the masters of the city-state.

Background

The excessive size of metropolitan regions emerged as a global concern in the mid-20th century, when rapid urbanization outpaced planning capacities in cities worldwide. Scholars and policymakers first recognized the problem as megacities began to strain infrastructure, social cohesion, and environmental resources. By the 1970s, international forums and urban studies increasingly highlighted the unsustainable growth of metropolitan areas, prompting comparative research and policy debates on managing urban expansion and its far-reaching consequences.

Incidence

The excessive size of metropolitan regions is a phenomenon affecting cities across all continents, with over 30 megacities worldwide now exceeding 10 million inhabitants. Rapid urban expansion has led to sprawling metropolitan areas that often engulf surrounding towns and rural land, straining infrastructure, housing, and resources. This trend is particularly pronounced in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, where urban populations are projected to double by 2050, intensifying the challenges associated with managing such vast urban agglomerations.
In 2023, the metropolitan region of Lagos, Nigeria, exemplified this issue as its population surpassed 24 million, expanding far beyond its original city boundaries. The rapid, unplanned growth has resulted in severe congestion, inadequate public services, and increased informal settlements, highlighting the difficulties faced by authorities in managing excessively large urban regions.

Claim

The excessive size of metropolitan regions is a critical problem that cannot be ignored. Overcrowding strains infrastructure, worsens pollution, and drives up housing costs, making cities less livable for everyone. This unchecked urban sprawl destroys natural habitats and deepens social inequality. If we fail to address the relentless expansion of our metropolitan areas, we risk irreversible environmental damage and a dramatic decline in quality of life for millions. Immediate action is essential.

Counter-claim

The so-called “excessive size” of metropolitan regions is not a problem at all. In fact, large cities drive innovation, economic growth, and cultural diversity. Complaints about size ignore the benefits of dense urban living, efficient public transport, and vibrant communities. Rather than worrying about metropolitan expansion, we should embrace it as a sign of progress and opportunity, not a crisis demanding unnecessary intervention or alarm.