Denial of religion in communist systems

Nature

Communist doctrine is anti-religious in the established denominational sense. The ideal is the practical brotherhood of man through the international communist movement. Measures to superimpose the communist ideal on the traditional cultural heritage in the form of forced assimilation to the newly-created ideal may be brutal and do nothing to bridge the social and cultural gap. The repression of religion has not been successful in many communist countries, where it derives an increased fervour from the fact of persecution.

Background

The denial of religion in communist systems gained global attention following the 1917 Russian Revolution, as state atheism became central to Soviet policy. International concern intensified during the 20th century as similar measures emerged in Eastern Europe, China, and other communist states, often involving suppression of religious institutions and practices. Scholarly and human rights organizations began systematically documenting these patterns, highlighting their widespread impact and prompting ongoing debates about religious freedom under communist governance.

Incidence

Roman Catholicism flourishes in Poland although it is in deep conflict with the communist regime, and the recent murder of a Catholic priest by the military set off a world-wide protest. In other communist countries of eastern Europe (notably Russia), Jews, Evangelical Protestants, and Roman Catholics appear to suffer more than the Russian Orthodox, but all who profess their religious beliefs openly may lose their jobs, be harassed, imprisoned or tortured, especially if they attempt to proselytize or to criticize the regime. In Albania and Ethiopia, all religions are suppressed.

Claim

The denial of religion in communist systems is a grave violation of fundamental human rights. Suppressing religious freedom not only erases cultural identities but also breeds resentment, fear, and social unrest. Such policies stifle personal expression and moral development, undermining the very fabric of society. Ignoring this issue perpetuates injustice and denies millions the dignity of belief. Addressing religious repression in communist regimes is an urgent and essential global responsibility.

Counter-claim

The denial of religion in communist systems is not an important problem at all. Societies thrive on progress, science, and unity, not on outdated superstitions. Prioritizing collective well-being over divisive religious dogma fosters equality and rational thinking. Concerns about religious suppression are exaggerated; real issues are poverty, education, and healthcare. Focusing on religion distracts from building a fair, modern society where everyone benefits, regardless of personal beliefs.