Aggressive nationalism

Background

Aggressive nationalism emerged as a recognized global concern in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, notably fueling tensions that led to both World Wars. Its destructive potential became widely acknowledged as nationalist fervor incited territorial disputes, ethnic violence, and authoritarian regimes. Post-1945, international organizations increasingly identified aggressive nationalism as a catalyst for conflict and instability, prompting ongoing scholarly and diplomatic efforts to understand and mitigate its resurgence in various regions worldwide.

Incidence

Aggressive nationalism has manifested across continents, fueling internal repression, ethnic violence, and international conflict. Its resurgence in recent years has contributed to the erosion of democratic norms, the marginalization of minority groups, and the destabilization of regional peace. The phenomenon is evident in both established and emerging states, with political leaders and movements exploiting nationalist sentiment to consolidate power and justify exclusionary policies, often resulting in widespread social and political unrest.
In 2022, aggressive nationalism was notably evident in India, where the ruling party’s rhetoric and policies intensified tensions between religious communities. This escalation led to increased incidents of communal violence and heightened polarization across the country.

Claim

Nationalism creates a mythic land in which people supposedly understand themselves and each other. This myth disguises inequalities and legitimates attacks on people whose lives are different, notably ethnic minorities.