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With stationary groups of musicians/instruments, usually forming an incomplete circle around the conductor.[2. Auditorium:]
With seats ordered by row, aisle and tier, usually in a semi-circle facing a stage area, but occasionally surrounding the stage (eg colosseum, sports arena, circus) or inter-penetrating the stage (eg some avant-garde theatres).
[3. Parliament:]With seats arranged and allocated in terms of the parties and a perception of their relationship to each other (eg facing each other) and to the government (eg facing the podium).
[4. Temple or cathedral:]With participants arranged in relation to a symbolic focal point before which one or more intermediaries may officiate; minor chapels may be located within the temple or disposed around it in an appropriate configuration. Special significance may be attached to location and orientation.
[5. Fortress or castle:]With elements appropriately arranged to ensure successive lines of defence in order to maximize the protection of what is most valued. Importance is attached to the strategic location and the relationship to the surrounding terrain.
[6. City:]When planned as a whole from the start may be specially divided into zones appropriately (often symmetrically) arranged in relation to each other according to their function and the lines of communication required. usually located in relation to natural resources or a transport nexus.
[7. Battle plan:]Whereby opposing generals locate the different functional units of their respective forces both in relation to one another and to the opposing force, in order to favour respective strategies. Special attention is given to terrain, logistics and the training and morale of participants.
[8. Table design and seating:]Whereby an attempt is made to reflect the status of the participating parties (eg in negotiations or mediation) or at functions requiring careful attention to protocol.
[9. Ritual, dramatic or dance movements:]In which participants continually modify their relationship to each other, possibly to bring about a sequence of changes in the overall pattern they constitute. Some forms are completely pre-determined, others are partially or completely improvised. In some forms all participate all the time, in others they may be absent for the part of the sequence in which their role is most stressed, or when it is stressed by their absence.