Electric motors and generators

Device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy or mechanical energy into electrical. Operation in the first mode depends on the fact that when an electric current from an external source flows through a conductor placed in a magnetic field acting, (even partially), at right angles to the conductor then the conductor experiences a force. In its simplest form the conductor is a coil of wire placed between the poles of an electromagnet such that the coil is forced to rotate. Operation in the second mode depends on the fact that if an electrical conductor is moved by an external force across a magnetic field, then an electrical current is generated and flows through the conductor. In more complex forms the magnetic field may be created by current flowing through one or more other coils such that the magnetic field rotates. This is achieved by ensuring that the currents are not of the same phase (namely alternating currents whose amplitudes peak at different moments, whether twice or three times in a cycle).

If externally motivated communication takes place from one individual or group to another within a highly polarized context (with an orientation other than that of the communication itself), then the communication pathway will be subject to social forces tending to displace it. On the other hand, if a pair of individuals or groups with the possibility of communication find themselves displaced together by external social forces within a highly polarized context, this displacement will engender communication between them.

Detail range of design possibilities whereby the power of the motor or generator may be increased. Dynamic relationship between (at least) two complementary polarizations and the manner whereby the energy they engender may be harmed.

There is recognition of the manner in which communication on unrelated (for example, technical) matters may be affected by a polarized (for example, politicized) context. There is also recognition of the manner whereby social actors are induced to communicate if they are together, subject to forces within such a polarized context. But such recognition has not led to any understanding of how the interaction between such mutually orthogonal polarities might be more effectively harnessed as suggested by the design of motors and generators.

Types of motor (induction, synchronous, direct or alternating commutator), including polyphase and linear, as determined by the manner in which conductors are arranged. Forms of coil winding. Starting problems.